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India — Energy Infrastructure

OverWatts maps 3,307 energy assets in India across 15 layers — the 3rd-largest mapped base of 157 countries. They include 1,675 power plants, 552 coal / uranium mines and 333 cement plants. Operating generation capacity is 412 GW, led by coal at 60%. Refining capacity is about 3,396 kb/d.

The companies named on the most assets are Coal India Ltd (312), NTPC Ltd (94) and South Eastern Coalfields Ltd (78), counting both ownership and operatorship. Half of India's mapped assets in service predate 2011 (median commissioning year of the 1,438 with a known date), 533 came online in the past decade and the oldest still listed is Ghanashyam Misra Gorumahisani Mine, dating from 1910. 40+ projects are under construction or proposed, led by Jaitapur nuclear power plant (10.4 GW).

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3,307
Total assets
#3
of 157 countries
412 GW
operating · 1,675 power plants
3,396
Refining kb/d
243
LNG Mtpa
40
In construction / proposed

Operating generation capacity by fuel

Utility-scale sites of 100 MW and above. Distributed generation — rooftop solar especially — is outside the tracker, so this runs below national installed capacity.

Electricity generated by fuel · 2025

What the fleet actually produced — distinct from the installed capacity above.

Total 2.08 PWhDemand 2.08 PWhClean 27%Intensity 671 gCO₂/kWhNet importer 1.2 TWh

Ember · source · CC-BY-4.0

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Browse by asset class

Power grid 271,000 kmPower Plants 1,675Coal & Uranium Mines 552Cement Plants 333Iron Ore Mines 248Iron & Steel Plants 113Pipelines 90Grid Storage 86Export Terminals 61Chemical Plants 48LNG Terminals 45Interconnectors 23Oil & Gas Fields 16Refineries 9Data Centres 5Storage / Tank Farms 3

Under construction & proposed

Largest assets

Biggest owners & operators

Counts an asset once per company named as its owner or operator; a joint venture counts for each partner.

Frequently asked

How many energy assets does India have?
OverWatts maps 3,307 in India across 15 asset classes — the 3rd-largest mapped base of the 157 countries covered.
How much electricity generation capacity does India have?
About 412 GW operating across 780 plants, mostly coal 60%, solar 15% and hydro 11%.
Who owns India's energy infrastructure?
Coal India Ltd is named as owner or operator on the most mapped assets (312), followed by NTPC Ltd (94), South Eastern Coalfields Ltd (78) and Eastern Coalfields Ltd (72).
What energy projects are under construction in India?
The largest under way or proposed are Jaitapur nuclear power plant (10.4 GW), Siang Upper hydroelectric plant (10.0 GW) and Ladakh Solar Park (9.0 GW).

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