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Asset classes
- Transmission Line80,968
- Power Plant32,429
- Substation / Converter7,614
- Oil & Gas Field7,055
- Coal / Uranium Mine5,382
- Pipeline4,951
- Cement Plant3,513
- Data Centre3,283
- Iron & Steel Plant1,293
- LNG Terminal1,198
- Grid Storage965
- Iron Ore Mine949
- Chemical Plant868
- Interconnector704
- Export Terminal519
- Refinery279
- Storage / Tank Farm38
- Oil / Commodity Contract19
- Hydrogen Project18
- Carbon Capture (CCS)16
Chokepoints
Asset class
Iron & Steel Plant
OverWatts maps 1,293 iron & steel plants across 91 countries. China holds the most — 458, 35% of the world total, ahead of India (113).
The largest owner-operators worldwide are natural person(s) (68), small shareholder(s) (45) and ArcelorMittal SA (37). Half of the world's iron & steel plants in service predate 1997 (median commissioning year of the 789 with a known date), 117 came online in the past decade and the oldest still listed is Ashinskiy Metallurgical plant, dating from 1900. 120 more are under construction or proposed, the biggest being Action Ispat and Power Jharsuguda steel plant.
Biggest owners & operators worldwide
- natural person(s)68 5%
- small shareholder(s)45 3%
- ArcelorMittal SA37 3%
- Nippon Steel Corp27 2%
- Nucor Corp22 2%
- Gerdau SA17 1%
- Iranian Mines & Mining Industries Development & Renovation Organization17 1%
- Beijing Jianlong Investment Co Ltd16 1%
Counts an asset once per company named as its owner or operator; a joint venture counts for each partner.
When they were built
- 1900s17
- 1910s18
- 1920s6
- 1930s21
- 1940s19
- 1950s59
- 1960s67
- 1970s63
- 1980s56
- 1990s102
- 2000s169
- 2010s111
- 2020s81
Median commissioning year 1997 · 789 of 1,293 carry a start date
Largest under construction & proposed
- Action Ispat and Power Jharsuguda steel plantproposed
- African Natural Resources and Mines Kaduna steel plantproposed
- Agha Steel Industries Karachi plantconstruction
- Aktobe Generatsiya steel plantconstruction
- Al Atoun Yanbu steel plantproposed
- Amirkabir Arak Steel plantproposed
- ArcelorMittal Bellary steel plantproposed
- ArcelorMittal Mauritania green steel plantproposed
- ArcelorMittal Nippon Steel Anakapalle steel plantconstruction
- ArcelorMittal Nippon Steel Gadchiroli steel plantproposed
- ArcelorMittal Vanderbijlpark Steel Worksconstruction
- Arfa Iron and Steel Yazd plantconstruction
Iron & Steel Plant by country
- China458
- India113
- United States90
- Iran56
- Japan42
- Russia31
- Turkey30
- Vietnam28
- Brazil25
- Italy24
- Germany19
- South Korea18
- Spain17
- Malaysia16
- Indonesia16
- Mexico15
- Saudi Arabia14
- France14
- Ukraine13
- Egypt12
- Thailand12
- Australia11
- Taiwan11
- Kazakhstan10
- Philippines10
- Bangladesh9
- Pakistan8
- Canada8
- Poland8
- Romania7
- United Kingdom7
- Oman7
- Nigeria6
- Algeria6
- Venezuela6
- Sweden6
- South Africa5
- Finland5
- North Korea5
- Belgium4
- Argentina4
- Morocco4
- Iraq4
- Greece4
- Angola3
- United Arab Emirates3
- Azerbaijan3
- Syria3
- Uzbekistan3
- Namibia2
- Peru2
- Luxembourg2
- Chile2
- Zimbabwe2
- Cambodia2
- Uganda2
- Kenya2
- Serbia2
- Myanmar2
- Libya2
Frequently asked
- How many iron & steel plants are there in the world?
- OverWatts maps 1,293 iron & steel plants across 91 countries, from open datasets.
- Which country has the most iron & steel plants?
- China, with 458 — 35% of the world total. Then India (113) and United States (90).
- Who owns the most iron & steel plants?
- natural person(s) is named as owner or operator on 68 of them, ahead of small shareholder(s) (45), ArcelorMittal SA (37) and Nippon Steel Corp (27).