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China — Energy Infrastructure

OverWatts maps 18,368 energy assets in China across 15 layers — the 1st-largest mapped base of 157 countries. They include 11,537 power plants, 2,582 coal / uranium mines and 1,108 pipelines. Operating generation capacity is 2679 GW, led by coal at 46%. Refining capacity is about 7,482 kb/d.

The companies named on the most assets are State Grid Xinyuan Co Ltd (111), CNOOC Ltd (103) and China Huaneng Group Co Ltd (82), counting both ownership and operatorship. Half of China's mapped assets in service predate 2016 (median commissioning year of the 9,297 with a known date), 4,951 came online in the past decade and the oldest still listed is Jiangxi Anyuan Coal Mine, dating from 1906. 40+ projects are under construction or proposed, led by Motuo hydroelectric plant (60.0 GW).

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18,368
Total assets
#1
of 157 countries
2679 GW
operating · 11,537 power plants
7,482
Refining kb/d
562
LNG Mtpa
40
In construction / proposed

Operating generation capacity by fuel

Utility-scale sites of 100 MW and above. Distributed generation — rooftop solar especially — is outside the tracker, so this runs below national installed capacity.

Electricity generated by fuel · 2025

What the fleet actually produced — distinct from the installed capacity above.

Total 10.58 PWhDemand 10.56 PWhClean 42%Intensity 526 gCO₂/kWhNet exporter 19.5 TWh

Ember · source · CC-BY-4.0

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Browse by asset class

Power grid 624,300 kmPower Plants 11,537Coal & Uranium Mines 2,582Pipelines 1,108Cement Plants 1,094Iron & Steel Plants 458Grid Storage 401Chemical Plants 365Oil & Gas Fields 264Iron Ore Mines 201LNG Terminals 168Interconnectors 81Export Terminals 74Refineries 30Data Centres 3Storage / Tank Farms 2

Under construction & proposed

Largest assets

Biggest owners & operators

Counts an asset once per company named as its owner or operator; a joint venture counts for each partner.

Frequently asked

How many energy assets does China have?
OverWatts maps 18,368 in China across 15 asset classes — the 1st-largest mapped base of the 157 countries covered.
How much electricity generation capacity does China have?
About 2679 GW operating across 5,678 plants, mostly coal 46%, solar 17% and wind 15%.
Who owns China's energy infrastructure?
State Grid Xinyuan Co Ltd is named as owner or operator on the most mapped assets (111), followed by CNOOC Ltd (103), China Huaneng Group Co Ltd (82) and Huadian New Energy Group Co Ltd (82).
What energy projects are under construction in China?
The largest under way or proposed are Motuo hydroelectric plant (60.0 GW), China (CH) – China (SC) interconnection (planned) (24.0 GW) and Qinghai Golmud (Huadian) solar farm (10.1 GW).

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